In Indonesia, there are 3 election management bodies: the General Election Commission (Komisi Pemilihan Umum, KPU), the Election Oversight Body (Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum, Bawaslu), and the Honorary Council of Election Management Bodies (Dewan Kehormatan Penyelenggara Pemilu, DKPP).
The General Election Commission (Komisi Pemilihan Umum, KPU) is the independent election management body responsible for the conduct of national and regional elections as mandated by the constitution and Law 15/2011. The KPU consists of seven Commissioners. These Commissioners were identified through a rigid selection process and then inaugurated by the President on April 12, 2012, for a five-year term.
The KPU Secretariat, led by the Secretary-General, is the executive arm of the KPU. It is responsible for the administration of the organization at the national level. The Secretary-General is usually nominated by the KPU and then appointed for a five-year term by the President. The Commission and Secretariat structures are replicated regionally throughout the provinces and regencies/municipalities, which each have five Commissioners.
The Election Oversight Body (Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum, Bawaslu) is the institution in charge of overseeing implementation of elections. Provisions in Law 15/2011 establish the Bawaslu and the KPU as equal and separate institutions. Bawaslu Commissioners are selected for a five-year term in the same manner as KPU Commissioners by the same selection committee. Its regional counterpart, Provincial Bawaslu, is a permanent institution consisting of three Commissioners in each province. At levels below the Provincial Bawaslu, membership is not permanent and consists of the following: three members at the regency/municipal level, three at the subdistrict level and one field supervisor at every ward/village level. Electoral disputes are filed with Bawaslu first to be classified and channeled to appropriate institutions (DKPP, police or Constitutional Court). Bawaslu has adjudicatory power to solve disputes between the KPU and candidates.
The Honorary Council of Election Management Bodies (Dewan Kehormatan Penyelenggara Pemilu, DKPP), is a national-level ethics council established by Law 15/2011 to review and decide upon complaints and/or reports of alleged violations of the code of ethics committed by members of the KPU and Bawalsu. The DKPP is established within two months of the inauguration of KPU and Bawaslu members for a five-year term, and consists of one KPU Commissioner, one Bawaslu Commissioner and five community leaders.
The DKPP ensures that the work of KPU and Bawaslu Commissioners meets the joint Code of Ethics of Election Management Bodies. DKPP rulings are final and binding, and it has the power to recommend dismissals of Commissioners.
For the 2014 National Legislative Elections, the KPU has drawn the previously decentralized voter registries into the largest national computerized voter registration system in the world called SIDALIH (Sistem Informasi Data Pemilih, Voter Data Information System). SIDALIH includes a number of features that help standardize and regulate voter list processes. For the first time the Indonesian voter list is securely stored and shared in a single database that provides the KPU a nationwide perspective of the quality of the voter list. In addition, the new SIDALIH voter registration system gives the KPU the technical capacity to effectively cooperate with the Ministry of Home Affairs and capitalize on citizen list improvements made through their Electronic Identity Card (eKTP) program.
Reference:
Elections in Indonesia 2014 National Legislative Elections: Frequently Asked Questions, IFES, 2014, http://ifes.org/sites/default/files/indonesia_2014_national_legislative_election_faq.pdf.
Ratification of International Human Rights Treaties – Indonesia, University of Minnesota, http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/research/ratification-indonesia.html.
Resources :
Link : Indonesian Election Commission (KPU) official website
PDF : Oath/pledge taken by members of the Indonesian Election Commission (KPU)
PPT : Indonesia General Elections (Systems, Organizing Bodies, and General Issues) (KPU: 2008)
PDF : Form C-4 Record of the Opening of Ballot Box, Taking Out the Contents, Identifying Types of Documents, and Coundting the Number of Each Type of Documents for Voting (KPU: 2004)
PDF : Form C-7 Statement by a Helper that Assists Physically Handicapped Voters (2004)
PDF : Electoral Governance and Democratic Consolidation in Indonesia (Ben Hillman)
PDF : Case study: voter registration in Indonesia – Considerations for a new voter registration system for Ukraine August 2006 (Development Associates)
PDF : Preparing the Voters’ List (2004)
PDF : Decree of National Election Commission 2004 on Voting and Vote Counting at Polling Stations
PDF : Form C-3 Objections by Witnesses and Special Incidents Related to the Result of Voting and Vote Counting at Polling Stations (2004)